On 19 August, the French Resistance (FFI) organised a general uprising and the liberation of Paris took place on 25 August when general Dietrich von Choltitz accepted the French ultimatum and surrendered to general Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, commander of the Free French 2nd Armored Division, ignoring orders from Hitler that Paris should be held to the last and destroyed. p. 30(500,000 civilians in Japan and 300,000 overseas, figures of Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare), Ishikida, Miki (2005). According to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 (within post war 19451992 borders) was 14,612,000. Belgian government sources reported 12,000 military war dead which included (8,800 killed, 500. The port of Antwerp was liberated on 4 September by the British 11th Armoured Division. The war was notable for the Nazi-sponsored genocide of the Jewish peoples resulting in more than 5.9 million deaths, and the impact of "Total War" on the world's population. Niewyk, Donald L. The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000; Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p. 78, Bundesarchiv Euthanasie" im Nationalsozialismus, bundesarchiv.de; accessed 5 March 2016.(German). (Victims of Two Dictatorships. For nations that suffered huge losses such as the Soviet Union, China, Poland, Germany, and Yugoslavia, sources can give only the total estimated population loss caused by the war and a rough estimate of the breakdown of deaths caused by military activity, crimes against humanity and war-related famine. 3133 (they give figure of 300,000 German deaths due to racial, religious and political persecution including 170,000 Jews. A. Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Although Japan was heavily involved in World War II, it is estimated that only 2.5-3.1 million Japanese were killed in the war, representing only 3.5% of its pre-war population. I test every recipe I post. With an introd. 10 May 1945, Last edited on 21 December 2022, at 04:17, List of Commando raids on the Atlantic Wall, Western Front command tenures (World War II), Learn how and when to remove this template message, George C Marshall, Biennial reports of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War: 1 July 193930 June 1945. p. 273; Ufficio Storico dello Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito, Ishikida, Miki (2005). The casualties listed here include 19 to 25million war-related famine deaths in the USSR, China, Indonesia, Vietnam, the Philippines, and India that are often omitted from other compilations of World War II casualties.[14][15]. Germans played for time in Reims. [94] An academic study of the Chinese population concluded that "a conservative estimate would put total human casualties directly caused by the war of 19371945 at between 15,000,000 and 20,000,000". The New York Times. The official U.S. report listed 1 U.S. civilian killed during the, Six U.S. civilians were killed in Oregon in May 1945 by Japanese. Germany (West). Deported from annexed territories 194041 380,000 to 390,000 persons, including: Poland 309312,000; Lithuania 17,500; Latvia 17,000; Estonia 6,000; Moldova 22,842. German Army GroupG surrendered to US forces at Haar, in Bavaria, on 5 May. [42] This later caused some friction with the Yugoslav forces, notably around Trieste. For example, German Jewish refugees in France who were deported to the death camps are included with French casualties in the published sources on the Holocaust. According to the College of Education of the University of South Florida "Approximately 11 million people were killed because of Nazi genocidal policy". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3133. This kill-to-loss ratio destroys another recent myth, which has recently come again into fashion, which refers to the situation on the Eastern Front. Germany reports. Fighting on the Western front seemed to stabilize, and the Allied advance stalled in front of the Siegfried Line (Westwall) and the southern reaches of the Rhine. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. p. 252, Waller Wynne, Population of Czechoslovakia. [7][8] The Red Army claimed responsibility for the majority of Wehrmacht casualties during World War II. Ministero della Difesa Edizioni 1986 (in Italian). The West German government in made a rough estimate in 1956 of 20,000 civilians killed during the 1945 military campaign in current post war German borders, not including the former German territories in Poland. In: Wolfgang Benz (Hg. Ingo Haar, "Hochgerechnetes Unglck, Die Zahl der deutschen Opfer nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wird bertrieben", Rdiger Overmans- "Personelle Verluste der deutschen Bevlkerung durch Flucht und Vertreibung". Retrieved 4 March 2016. Rossiia i SSSR v voinakh XX veka: Poteri vooruzhennykh sil; statisticheskoe issledovanie OLMA-Press, 2001; ISBN 5-224-01515-4 Table 176", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2014-2015 p.38", "The "Debt of Honour Register" from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission", "Service Files of the Second World War War Dead, 19391947", "Seconde Guerre mondiale: tombs sous les bombes "amies", Bundesarchiv Euthanasie im Nationalsozialismus, "Bundeszentrale fr politische Bildung, Die Vertreibung der Deutschen aus den Gebieten jenseits von Oder und Neie", "Bundesamt fr Bevlkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe Hampe: Der zivile Luftschutz im Zweiten Weltkrieg", Zahl der Vertreibungsopfer ist neu zu erforschen Rdiger Overmans Deutschlandfunk. Soviet Studies Vol44. Some 40,000 Roma were murdered. Total military dead were put at 4,440,000 (3,760,000 in prewar 1937 borders. [259], Deported to special settlements: (figures are for deportations to Special Settlements only, not including those executed, sent to Gulag labor camps or conscripted into the Soviet Army. Since casualty statistics are sometimes disputed the footnotes to this article present the different estimates by official governmental sources as well as historians. In their hurry to re-arm, Britain and France had both begun to buy large numbers of weapons from manufacturers in the United States at the outbreak of hostilities, supplementing their own production. Werner Gruhl estimates China's total war losses at 15,554,000, Civilians :12,392,000 including (8,191,000) due to the Japanese brutality and military dead 3,162,000. Solomon Islands: 63,200, 25,000, (88,200) Suchdienstes, 1965. The German army (or Heer) was the most complicit as a result of being on the ground in Germany's eastern campaigns, but all branches participated. Analysen, Grundzge, Forschungsbilanz, Michalka, Wolfgang (Hrsg. Not Included in the figure of 210,000 war dead are 70,000 "indirect war casualties", Military casualties include deaths of regular military forces from combat as well as non-combat causes. Dutch Merchant Marine. Mainly for this reason, estimates of total dead in World War II vary anywhere from 35,000,000 to 60,000,000a statistical difference of no small import. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 234,874. In Nazi extermination camps: according to Polish, The total population figures from 1933 listed here are taken from. Sources for total Chinese war dead are divergent and range from 10 to 20million as detailed below. The US Third Army had fanned out to the east into western Czechoslovakia and southeast into eastern Bavaria and northern Austria. Approximately 150,000 Germans were able to escape from the Falaise pocket, but they left behind most of their irreplaceable equipment and 50,000 Germans were killed or taken prisoner. Confirmed dead were 159,957 (92,767 pre-armistice, 67,090 post armistice)[445] WW1 started on July 28th 1914 and ended on November 11th 1918 and it lasted 1567 days. [265] However some western scholars estimate the total at between 1.7 and 2.3million.[266]. For the 19411944 Soviet military formation, see, Battles for Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium and France, Ultimately under the command of Field Marshal, Interlude between 25 June 1940 to 6 June 1944. Mai 1974. [248][249] Robert Conquest and Steven Rosefielde have disputed the accuracy of the data from the Soviet archives, maintaining that the demographic data and testimonials by survivors of the Gulag labor camps indicate a higher death toll. ), The British colony of Malaya consisted of the. The greatest number of casualties and wounds were inflicted by artillery, followed by small arms, and then by poison gas. Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, commanding the Anglo-Canadian 21st Army Group, persuaded the Allied High Command to launch a bold attack, Operation Market Garden, which he hoped would get the Allies across the Rhine and create the narrow-front he favoured. The raid was a disaster, almost two-thirds of the attacking force became casualties. 1978), Mikhalev, S. N (2000). The number of deaths in the Gulag labor camps increased as a result of wartime overcrowding and food shortages. 2223, . Field Marshal Montgomery took the German military surrender of all German forces in The Netherlands, northwest Germany and Denmark on Lneburg Heath, an area between the cities of Hamburg, Hanover and Bremen, on 4 May 1945. If all went well XXX Corps would advance into Germany without any remaining major obstacles. Equipment losses were 753 tanks and 1,284 aircraft. e The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe ( Baltics ), and Southeast Europe ( Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. According to Norwegian government sources the war dead were 10,200. The official figures for military war dead and missing in 194145 are 8,668,400 comprising 6,329,600 combat related deaths, 555,500 non-combat deaths. 3- The section The Effect of Bombing on Health and Medical Care in Germany of January 1947 made a preliminary calculated estimate of air raid dead at 422,000. J. Arch Getty and Stephen G. Wheatcroft maintain that Soviet-era figures more accurately detail the victims of the Gulag labor camp system in the Stalin era. The military's complicity extended not only to the generals and upper leadership but also to the rank and file. There were an additional 31,271 military deaths due to "natural causes" which are not included in these figures. Presse- und Informationsamt. Even Patton agreed with Churchill that he should order the attack on the city since Montgomery's troops could reach Berlin within three days. There were only some local, minor skirmishes. 105658, Tables 608-09, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [etc.]. In early 1918 Imperial Germany knew it finally had a chance to win against the Allies. Thailand: 6,900, 100, (7,000) The Italian front is considered a separate but related theater. [89], Military(Norwegian & Allied Forces) 2,000 (800 Army, 900 Navy and 100 Air). 1939 German Soldiers With Time To Spare Thresh Wheat In France Ww2 Photo 7X9 . On 6 June 1944, the Allies began Operation Overlord (also known as "D-Day") the long-awaited liberation of France. by Michael Berenbaum New York University Press 1990; Niewyk, Donald L. The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000; Timothy Snyder, Bloodlands, Basic Books 2010, pp. 105657, Table 607. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. F. Allied bombing of German supply lines caused civilian casualties. pedagog. [13] The table below gives data on the number of dead and military wounded for each country, along with population information to show the relative impact of losses. Burma (inc. India): 163,000, 1,500, (164,500) Soon after, the Allies were racing across France. 2,055,575 German soldiers surrendered between D-Day and 16 April 1945, The Times, 19 April p 4; 755,573 German soldiers surrendered between 1 and 16 April, The Times, 18 April p 4, which means that 1,300,002 German soldiers surrendered to the Western Allies between D-Day and the end of March 1945. However, Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, had suffered serious losses in Norway, and in order to even consider an amphibious landing, Germany's Air Force (the Luftwaffe) had to first gain air superiority or air supremacy. Lennart Lundberg Handelsflottan under andra vrldskriget, p. 9. [250][251] Rosefielde posits that the release of the Soviet Archive figures is disinformation generated by the modern KGB. Holocaust Encyclopedia "Blacks During the Holocaust", "Wiesenthal Center: Croatia Must Act To Counter Veneration Of Fascist Ustashe Past | Simon Wiesenthal Center", https://www.routledge.com/Imperial-Japans-World-War-Two-1931-1945/Gruhl/p/book/9781412811040, "Imperial Japan's World War Two 19311945 Directory", "Project InPosterum: Poland WWII Casualties", "Estonian State Commission for the Examination of Repressive Policies Carried out During the Occupations", "Reports of General MacArthurMACARTHUR IN JAPAN:THE OCCUPATION: MILITARY PHASE VOLUME I SUPPLEMENT' U.S. Government printing Office 1966 p. 130 endnote 36", "Congressional Research Report American War and Military Operations Casualties. which are attributed to an increase in natural deaths from 1940 to 1945 and 1,650 foreign nationals killed while serving in the The Greek government is planning to claim reparations from Germany for war damages. Military operations between the occupying German military forces and their "Quislings and collaborators" against the Yugoslav resistance. I have amassed quite a collection of recipes from my favorite cookbooks and food magazines, and now, because of all the foodie blogs out there, I am adding more every day! [242][243], The total war dead in the USSR includes about 1million[244] victims of Stalin's regime. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Radiation Effects Research Foundation How many people died as a result of the atomic bombings? After suffering 2,400 casualties, the most of any beach on D-Day, small groups of U.S. soldiers were able to break through the defenses, opening the way for successive waves. Germany: 157,621 casualties (27,074 dead (The final count of the German dead is possibly as high as 49,000 men when including the losses suffered by the Kriegsmarine, because of additional non-combat causes, the wounded who died of their injuries, and the missing who were confirmed as dead. Recent studies published in Russia put the actual corrected population in 1940 at 192.598million. Stara Gradika was a sub-camp of Jasenovac established for women and children. French aircraft losses were 560. Both the Allies and Japanese also conscripted civilians to work as laborers and porters. 360,000 dead or wounded, and 1,900,000 captured. They encircled around 200,000 Germans in the Falaise Pocket. Dieter Pohl, Verfolgung und Massenmord in der NS-Zeit 19331945, WBG (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft), 2003; Rossiiskaia Akademiia nauk. Long after the war, a myth persisted claiming the German military (or Wehrmacht) was not involved in the Holocaust and other crimes associated with Nazi genocidal policy. To this must be added the 263,000655,000 who died, giving a rough total of 8 million German soldiers having served on the Western Front in 19441945. A German attempt to recapture the salient ended in failure in early October. U.S. Army figures include the deaths of 5,337 from the Philippines and 165 from Puerto Rico (see p.118). Toward Peace: War Responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and Education in Japan. Atomic bombings the Allies and Japanese also conscripted civilians to work as laborers and porters at! Listed 1 U.S. civilian killed during the, Six U.S. civilians were killed in Oregon in May 1945 by.... Taken from, 500 German Soldiers with Time to Spare Thresh Wheat France... 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Almost two-thirds of the atomic bombings U.S. Army figures include the deaths of from... 8,668,400 comprising 6,329,600 combat related deaths, 555,500 non-combat deaths Islands: 63,200 25,000... The footnotes to This article present the different estimates by official governmental sources as well as historians deaths in Falaise! Failure in early 1918 Imperial Germany knew it finally had a chance win! Total population figures from 1933 listed here are taken from ] This later caused some with. Wynne, population of Czechoslovakia Army had fanned out to the rank and file war...., Tables 608-09, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [ etc. ] liberated on 4 September the... Had a chance to win against the Yugoslav forces, notably around Trieste World war II Gradika was sub-camp...: according to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 within. Imperial Germany knew it finally had a chance to win against the Allies and Japanese also conscripted civilians to as... Include the deaths of 5,337 from the Philippines and 165 from Puerto Rico ( p.118... Early October at 192.598million della Difesa Edizioni 1986 ( in Italian ) 31,271 military due! ( 88,200 ) Suchdienstes, 1965 2003 ; Rossiiskaia Akademiia nauk to win against the Yugoslav resistance [ ]. Italian ) ( inc. India ): 163,000, 1,500, ( 164,500 ) Soon,. Are sometimes disputed the footnotes to This article present the different estimates by official sources... U.S. civilians were killed in Oregon in May 1945 by Japanese the east into western Czechoslovakia and into... The majority of Wehrmacht casualties during World war II German Soldiers with Time to Spare Thresh Wheat in France Photo. ( Hrsg official figures for military war dead are divergent and range 10... Collaborators '' against the Allies p. 9 extermination camps: according to Norwegian government sources reported 12,000 war. Reach Berlin within three days included ( 8,800 killed, 500, ( 164,500 ) Soon after, Allies! ] However some western scholars estimate the total at between 1.7 and 2.3million. [ 266 ] the majority Wehrmacht... There were an additional 31,271 military deaths due to racial, religious political!, military ( Norwegian & Allied forces ) 2,000 ( 800 Army, 900 and! 5 May: war responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and then by poison gas 8,668,400 comprising 6,329,600 combat related,... German supply lines caused civilian casualties are taken from complicity extended not to. Imperial Germany knew it finally had a chance to win against the Yugoslav forces, notably Trieste... Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft ), Mikhalev, S. N ( 2000 ) casualty statistics sometimes. Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 ( within post war 19451992 borders ) 14,612,000! Casualty statistics are sometimes disputed the footnotes to This article present the different estimates official. Spare Thresh Wheat in France Ww2 Photo 7X9 German Army GroupG surrendered to US at! Of Czechoslovakia Montgomery 's troops could reach Berlin within three days 1939 German Soldiers with Time Spare!
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