More ways to stay updated on global news: By submitting your email, you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use and to receive email correspondence from us. t = b.createElement(e); Let us see if the so-called Human "Rice" Watch will utter a statement. II, at 194 (HRC 2005)", "The All Anglophone Conference (April 23, 1993)", "Cameroon teachers, lawyers strike in battle for English", "Cameroon restores internet to English-speaking region", "A Turn for the Worse: Violence and Human Rights Violations in Anglophone Cameroon", "Southern Cameroons gets new government with Sessekou Ayuk Tabe as Interim President", "Cameroon government 'declares war' on secessionist rebels", "Cameroon's English-speakers call for independence", "Biya declares war on Anglophone separatists The SUN Newspaper, Cameroon", "Cameroon escalates military crackdown on Anglophone separatists", Cameroon's Anglophone crisis: Red Dragons and Tigers the rebels fighting for independence, Just In-Dr Samuel Ikome Sako Is New Acting Interim President of The Federal Republic of Ambazonia, "Just In-Dr Samuel Ikome Sako Is New Acting Interim President of The 'Federal Republic of Ambazonia' Cameroon News Agency", "Cameroon: Separatist leader and followers handed life sentences | DW | 20.08.2019", "Ambazonia Leader Sisiku Ayuktabe Dissolves Sako Caretaker Government, Re-installs Own Cabinet", "UN Security Council to Discuss Cameroon's Escalating Crisis", "Cameroon: UN Security Council to discuss Anglophone crisis", "Caught in the middle: Peace activists in Cameroon try to end a brutal war", "HRW World Report 2020: Rights Trends in Cameroon", "U.S. Reduces Military Aid to Cameroon Over Human Rights Abuses", Cameroon: I spent a week embedded with Anglophone armed separatists, "Wettest Places on Earth by Annual Rainfall", "Present and future Kppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ambazonia&oldid=1134346804, This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 06:41. In May 1985, he was arrested, imprisoned, and then put under house arrest for three years before escaping first to Nigeria and then to the United Kingdom.[36]. 2 global climate envoy, joined FP editor in chiefRavi Agrawal to discuss Washingtons climate policy, and how it is being seen around the world. Download the FP mobile app to read anytime, anywhere. The first permanent European settlement on the mainland in the region was founded in 1858 by British Baptist Missionary Alfred Saker as a haven for freed slaves. This was a violation of the 1961 constitution which stated that the form of the state should never be discussed, Henry Baaboh added. Tribal regions exist to preserve Ambazonian culture and Heritage. The region was later ceded to Germany in 1887. In 2016, the Ambazonia movement turned violent when government security forces cracked down on teachers and lawyers protesting the marginalization of Anglophone Cameroonians in a majority Francophone country. The Prefect/ District Officer forms the District Council (Local Government). There is currently only a single permanent embassy, with Nigeria. On the west towards the border to Nigeria the lowlands of the Mamfe basin can be found. Categories Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. Download the new FP mobile app to read anytime, anywhere. Gold Star stands for Leadership, wisdom and perseverance). The name is derived from Ambas Bay, the bay at the territory's sea coast directly facing the Equatoguinean Island of Bioko. [30], Flag of Mezam County. Beyond the vast opportunity manifest in African markets, we highlight people who make a difference; leaders turning the tide, youth driving change, and an indefatigable business community. All progress of employment, appointments, etc. The Bahamas represents how global capitalism can go very right, and very wrong, at exactly the same time. The Tide. On April 26, five government security forces were killed in Port Harcourt. A county may secede from a state and become a state or join another state based on a referendum that supports it. However, many towns and villages in the hinterlands had no German administration and may have only seen German soldiers a handful of times. Red disk stands for the Blood[26] and strength of the people. Immigration officers walk on a bridge built in 1948 that connects Nigeria with Cameroon at Mfum border station in Cross Rivers State, southeast Nigeria on February 1, 2018. China, Russia are 'destabilizing' Africa, warns . [25] Both 1999 and 2009 saw symbolic declarations of independence by Ambazonian nationalists, which led to arrests but little concrete action. 2 global climate envoy, joined FP editor in chiefRavi Agrawal to discuss Washingtons climate policy, and how it is being seen around the world. How does industry define morality? Symbolism (Blue stands for Perseverance and liberty. NEW FOR SUBSCRIBERS: Activists across Africa have watched in amazement as the EFF in its short existence have successfully championed the course of the African people and has spoken severally about the plight of the Ambazonian people. [17] Symbolism (Green stands for the Fertility of the land, Growth and prosperity. Blue stands for the ocean and rivers, freedom, justice, perseverance, vigilance. The term "Ambazonia" is derived from the word Ambozes, the local name for the bay area at the mouth of the Wouri (now Douala) river. The Germans, who had established substantial trading centers to the southeast on the Wouri River delta (modern Douala), and the British, who had extensive interests to the west in Nigeria, both raced to sign agreements with local rulers. The Nigerians have failed to act, the international community has failed to act, so we have no other choice but to get into an alliance that can better our chances to defend ourselves.. In February 2020, armed Fulani men alongside Cameroonian military personnel attacked Ngarbuh village in the Northwest region and killed 21 civilians, including 13 children. Ambazonia enjoys good relations with members of the West African Union, and other Anglophone African nations. Cameroon's Separatist Movement Is Going International - Foreign Policy Ambazonia Military Forces General John, who says he commands thousands of rebel soldiers in Ambazonia, poses with his. So this is very big for our cause, in our fight against these Fulani, particularly those who are coming in from Nigeria.. Relations with the Islamic Republic of Cameroon and the Republic of Cameroon are heated. [29], Flag of Momo. The States are governed by a State Governor who is elected into office by a Plurality vote. "They just shot the child, going to school, dressed in. [31], Flag of Manyu.Symbolism (Green stands for the growth. White stands for Hope, Peace and wisdom under God. European traders from several nations visited Ambas Bay beginning with the Portuguese in the 1470s. today We believe that Africa is poorly represented, and badly under-estimated. [63] The northeastern parts of Northwest Region (including the city of Bamenda) have a tropical savanna climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons. Ambazonia Interim Government, a separatist group in Cameroon, has emphasised that its agitations for a separate country have nothing in common with that of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB). 994th Plenary meeting. Symbolism (Red stands for the Blood and strength of the people. List of countries in Africa. Allied naval superiority allowed the swift capture of the Cameroonian coast, cutting the Germans off from reinforcement or resupply. Legally, maybe we can talk about secession or separation., In 1984, President Paul Biya changed the status of the country from United Republic of Cameroon to Republic of Cameroon, Read more:Soldiers in Cameroon shoot dead several independence activists. As the violence intensified, international efforts to resolve the crisis picked up. A monthly digest of the top articles read by FP subscribers. Germany continued to consolidate its control over the coast through agreements with local leaders backed up by military expeditions. It raises the question: How do companies with large global footprints decide which side to pick? The lowlands along the coast and the river valleys of Manyu, both of which are parts of the Benue Trough, are warmer. De facto, Buea is the capital. Premiers (State Governors) can also make laws but must not go against the constitution or the federal law (Presidential laws/decree). IPOB was designated a terrorist group in Nigeria in September 2017. Other countries outside of the African continent have been involved in cryptocurrency initiatives. On the other hand, Cameroon's state Army is using shrewd military tactics against the guerilla warfare of these militias. Blue stands for the Sky, the Ocean and Liberty. Delivered Thursday. Despite a shared religion, the increasing involvement of Fulani in Cameroons Anglophone conflict is unlikely to fuse with the Boko Haram insurgency in the Far North region, and there is no evidence to suggest there has been a merging of the conflicts thus far, according to Akem Kelvin Nkwain, a human rights officer at CHRDA. In the post-war settlement, most of Kamerun went to France as a League of Nations Mandate . Western Africa Map showing the 16 countries of Western Africa Benin Burkina Faso Cabo Verde Gambia Ghana Guinea One critical concession was to require that laws applying to both states could only be adopted by the federal assembly if a majority of deputies in both federated states vote for them. Your email address will not be published. [23], Flag of Menchum.Symbolism (Red stands for the Blood and strength of the people. Reports of indiscriminate killings, torture, rape and other gender-based violence by both sides have been widely reported. Evening roundup with our editors favorite stories of the day. The bay which is located in southwestern Cameroon is considered as the boundary between Southern Cameroons and the Republic of Cameroon. There is confusion in the terms used; some people speak of restoration of independence which means going back to the UN Trust territory status.. Lying spear stands for peace rather than war. Explore the benefits of your FP subscription. t.async = !0; But those ceasefire discussions have been condemned by other separatists in Cameroon and abroad, who argue that Sisiku does not have a mandate to negotiate. Click + to receive email alerts when new stories are published on. Blue stands for The Bui River and Liberty. Tree stands for connection, unity and growth of the people. The Ambazonia Defense Forces see the Biafra-Ambazonia alliance as a critical outlet to end rising Fulani-led attacks. The National flag is raised at federal institutions or on federal property. Understand Africa's tomorrow. One-stop digest of politics, economics, and culture. Ambazonia, officially the Federal Republic of Ambazonia, also referred to as Amba Land, is an unrecognised breakaway state in West Africa which claims the Northwest Region and Southwest Region of Cameroon, though it currently controls almost none of the claimed territory. Not included in this total of "countries" and listed separately are: Dependencies (or dependent territories, dependent areas) or Areas of . Chinese domestic instability could encourage the CCP to attack the Taiwanese archipelagos of Kinmen and Matsu. The Federal Republic of Ambazonia (Southern Cameroons) is an unrecognised and disputed region located in the armpit of Africa, a crossroad between west and central africa, on the Gulf of Guinea. Tribal leaders have the ability to make laws but must not go against County laws, State Laws or National (Federal) laws. A Biafra-Ambazonia weapons exchange will bolster the Anglophone separatist movement, which has suffered in recent months from a severe lack of financial support from the diaspora, perhaps due to waning interest, pervasive human rights abuses carried out by separatist groups against civilians, or major divisions in the diaspora leadership. Golden Star stands for Leadership, unity and prosperity). And what happens if the United States and China continue down a path of decoupling? Blue stands for the Meme River and Liberty. Golden Star stands for Leadership).[32]. Thos young woman was BUTCHERED like a wild animal. Demonstrators carry banners as they take part in a march voicing their opposition to independence for the . s = b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; Nigeria has also aided the Cameroonian government in attempts to suppress the Anglophone uprising. The last few years have brought historic challenges for multinational companies. Golden bird stands for the Value, determination and freedom). These political changes were viewed by many Anglophone people as an attempt to absorb or do away with all that they brought into the union-including the legal, political and educational systems. In the north it is separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea, in the northeast, is separated from Asia by the Suez Canal and farther by the Red Sea. Since 2019, various separatist groups have stolen hundreds of cattle, abducted at least 20 Mbororos and extorted an estimated 10 million Central African Francs ($18,600) in ransom payments, killed an estimated 50 herdsmen, and displaced over 2,500 more Fulani civilians, according to the Centre for Human Rights and Democracy in Africa (CHRDA). Midterm Elections). The scope of the alliance will include joint operations and training bases, Capo Daniel, the deputy defense chief of the Ambazonia Defense Forces, the military wing of the Ambazonia Governing Council, told Foreign Policy. Red stands for the strength of the people. [25], Flag of Bui. Symbolism (Yellow stands for Prosperity and Justice. Red disk stands for the blood of those who died for the struggle. Since October 2016, protests and strikes related to sectoral demands have escalated into a crisis over the economic and political marginalisation of Cameroon's Anglophone minority. Nigeria and Cameroon, both critical international partners in U.S. anti-terrorism campaigns and once beacons of economic stability in the region, may be on track to becoming failed states, which would have a devastating regional and global impact. Biafrans and Anglophone Cameroonians share a common enemy: Fulani herders, a nomadic ethnic group present across West and Central Africa. Watch FPs Ravi Agrawal in conversation with two of the contributors to the magazines cover story, Anne-Marie Slaughter and retired Gen. David Petraeus, as they reflect on whats surprised themand how to prevent future wars. Cameroonian President Paul Biya does not want anything. Counties are further divided into Districts (Local Government Areas) governed by a District Officer who is voted into office during State elections. d provide massive tax credits to programs investing in clean energy. Cameroons Anglophone Crisis: How to Get to Talks? }; Tensions between the Fulani and the Biafrans and English-speaking Cameroonians date back decades. [19] Despite calls by Southern Cameroons leaders for full independence as a separation nation, United Nations' resolutions 1350 (XIII) of March 13, 1959 and 1352 (XIV) of October 16, 1959 called for plebiscites in Southern Cameroons and Northern Cameroons with two alternatives for ending the trusteeship: joining Nigeria or joining Cameroon. For its part, the Ambazonia movement says it will share lessons in making the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon ungovernable, a tactic that has largely been achieved. In an open letter to U.S. President Joe Biden, published in local media outlets, the Biafran leader Kanu requested that the U.S. government suspend arms sales to Nigeria, citing human rights abuses and Buharis draconian measures to put down peaceful pro-Biafran protests. Two of its border regions with Nigeria (northwest and southwest) are Anglophone, while the rest of the country . This then spreads to other parts of West Africa where you have populations that identify with the Fulani or with Peul [another name for ethnic Fulani], and then they may either feel victimized or pinpointed or isolated or targeted., The Biafran and Ambazonian movements are both fractured, and not all factions support the alliance and rising violence. Biafrans and Anglophone Cameroonians share a common enemy: Fulani herders, a nomadic ethnic group present across West and Central Africa. Though, the Federal Republic of Ambazonia is not recognized by most states, there has been a proposed constitution for the territory. Meanwhile, government forces have torched entire villages suspected of harboring separatists, disappeared and executed civilians without due process, and tortured detainees. [34], Flag of Meme. County-Ministers are responsible for the development of their counties, both socially and economically. This is going to be a very good opportunity for us, because what we see on the field is there have been some alliances between the Cameroon government and Fulani, Daniel, the Ambazonian deputy military leader, said. [33] On 6 November 1982, Ahidjo resigned and handed over power to Paul Biya who continued Ahidjo's policies and, after a falling out with Ahidjo and attempted coup by Ahidjo supporters, consolidated power in himself. }); Libya has Africa's largest oil reserves, estimated at 48 billion barrels, but production and exports have slumped dramatically through years of crisis. [6] Ambazonian forces have struggled to form a united front, and internecine conflicts have hampered efforts to negotiate with Cameroon or establish control over the various militia groups engaged in the fighting. Symbolism (Blue stands for the Ndian River, Akpa Yafe River, the Ocean and Liberty. Against a backdrop of bomb blasts, sporadic violence and repressive state measures, Cameroon's Anglophone crisis has entered a new and intensified phase. For barrister Henry Baaboh, there is no need for a referendum like the ones which were held in Spains Catalan region or the Kurdish territory in Iraq. Watch the full interview for insights on how industry thinks about deglobalization, the U.S.-China rivalry, the war in Ukraine, and much more. The party with a majority vote within a county forms the county government. Ambazonia is characterized by two main landscapes. In recent years, the death toll from ethnic and intercommunal violence has reached unprecedented levels, even exceeding that of violent extremism and terrorism in Mali, according to ACLED. Countries of Africa: . [16], The British Cameroons Administration Ordinance, 1924 divided British Cameroons into the Northern Cameroons (administered as part of Northern Nigeria) and the Southern Cameroons (administered as part of Eastern Nigeria). West Cameroon was divided into two administrative regions, which survive today: the "North West" and "South West" regions.[32]. Biafrans and Ambazonians are predominantly Christians, while the Fulani are mostly Muslim. In December 2020, Kanu announced the creation of the Eastern Security Network, a pro-Biafra paramilitary wing, which Nigerian authorities have accused of carrying out a spate of attacks this year. [8], The term "Ambazonia" is derived from the word Ambozes, the local name for the bay at the mouth of the Wouri river, known in English as Ambas Bay. Cameroon cracks down on Anglophone separatists. The two also discussed climate cooperation with China, the road to COP28, and much else. Briefing House of Commons Library", "Report for the US Department of Justice: Pressure Groups in Southern Cameroons", "1608 (XV) The future of the Trust Territory of the Cameroons under United Kingdom administration. [25], On 21 April 1961, UN resolution 1608 (XV) set 1 October 1961 as the date of independence for the Southern Cameroons. } The bay which is located in southwestern Cameroon is considered as the boundary between Southern Cameroons and the Republic of Cameroon. No country has formally recognized Ambazonia's independence, and it is currently the site of an armed conflict between . Watch the video now! Meanwhile, Cameroonian security forces have funneled weapons to the Mbororo communities that have gone on to attack English-speaking farmers, a CHRDA report notes. As the Egyptian economy falters, Sisi is turning to the Chinese government for support. Browse Ambazonia news, . Daniel, the Ambazonian deputy defense chief, acknowledged the potential regional impact of the alliance but said that after almost five years of low-level armed conflict in Cameroon, there was no other choice. This settlement which was later named Victoria (now Limbe, Cameroon) after the then Queen Victoria. Blue stands for the sky, liberty. Cameroon's Anglophone crisis has brought the country to the brink of civil war. Jonathan Pershing, formerly the Biden administrations No. SCACUF unilaterally declared the region's independence as Ambazonia on October 1, the anniversary of Southern Cameroons' independence from the United Kingdom. By. A Biafra-Ambazonia weapons exchange will bolster the Anglophone separatist movement. [48] This temporarily ended hopes for continued dialogue and kicked of full-fledged guerilla war in Southern Cameroons. For the past three weeks, an encampment of activists from Ambazonia, the English-speaking territory also known as Southern Cameroon, has been holding vigil outside the Nigerian Embassy in South . The 13 counties are governed by county-ministers; these individuals are chosen by political parties as candidates to govern the area and are voted into office during State elections (which occur every two years, similar to the U.S. Major non-ASC groups include the Ambazonia Defence Forces (ADF) and the Southern Cameroons Defence Forces (SOCADEF), which both cooperate with the ASC on some level.[61]. fbq('init', '157204581336210'); Orange stands for Courage and sacrifice. Stay updated on the topics you care about with email alerts. Weekly update on whats driving U.S. national security policy. For statistical purposes, LGAs (Districts) are further divided into wards or sub-districts which are administered by a Ward Councilor. [33], Flag of Ndian County. Further east towards Cameroon a series of volcanoes like the Manengouba or Kupe can be found. [4][5][6], The region, which has been at war with Cameroon since the 2016 lawyers and teachers protest, aims to separate into independent country known as Ambazonia,[7] a name coined by the Widikum Fon, Honourable Fon Gorji Dinka,[8] from the name of the Ambas Bay and the word Zone, as a protest to the 1982 name change of the United Republic of Cameroon to the Republic of Cameroon,[9] which was the name Cameroon had since gaining it's independence in 1960, and was seen as an attempt by the Cameroon Government to erase the culture of West Cameroon (a name Southern Cameroons attain after federation with Cameroon in 1961). [45] The Cameroonian government stated that the declaration had no legal weight[46] and on November 30, 2017, the President of Cameroon signaled a harder line on separatist attacks on police and soldiers. [43] Although the government established a Commission to focus on Anglophone grievances and took steps to address issues of language equity in courts and schools, continued distrust and harsh responses to protests prevented significant deescalation. Blue stands for the Menchum River and surrounding lakes, as well as Liberty. Savannah State Counties (demonym; Savannese): Flag of Ngo-Ketundjia.Symbolism (Green stands for the Fertility of the Land. if (DWDE.dsgvo.isStoringCookiesOkay()) { All projects of the former West Cameroon I had either initiated or held very dear to my heart had to be taken over, mismanaged and ruined, e.g. In 2016 and 2017, a widespread protest movement was met with a violent government crackdown, which led to rioting and violence against security forces and, in 2017, a unilateral declaration of independence by Ambazonian leaders. Fruit stands for success (fruits of labour). Ambazonia News would "thank God" for saving Africa from the worst of the pandemic but that too is one of the biggest weaknesses of the African continent! On 5 January 2018, members of the Ambazonia Interim Government in exile in Abuja, Nigeria, including President Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe, were arrested and deported to Cameroon into the custody of government forces to face criminal charges. [41] The violence led to additional demonstrations, general strikes (called "lockdowns"), and further crackdowns by the government into early 2017, including the banning of civil society organizations, cutting off phone and internet connections from January to April,[42] and arrests of demonstrators. If independent, Ambazonia would share maritime boundaries with Nigeria , the Republic of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea . ), Flag of the Midland State. Flying bird stands for Freedom, wisdom and protection). Anglophones also resented the introduction of bilingual schools in West Cameroon as an attempt to assimilate Anglophones. Ambazonia must be an independent African country Kontak stasiun radio. May 20, 2021, 10:56 AM BUEA, CameroonFor the past five years, factions of a secessionist movement in southeastern Nigeria and a pro-independence movement in western Cameroon have been gathering. Yellow/Gold stands for Prosperity and value. The Nigerian and Cameroonian militaries are well equipped and well trained, as both countries receive military support and training from foreign governments including the United States, France, and the United Kingdom for anti-terrorism efforts. Pour toute information confidentielle que vous souhaitez rendre publique: crivez ou contactez-nous au Etats Unis par WhatsApp: 1-240-350-1131. Red Star stands for Strength, bloodshed, bravery and leadership). Yellow/Gold stands for wealth and justice. )[20] and analysing the economic, environmental and educational land scape of a territory. At independence, a plebiscite was held, and voters in Southern Cameroons opted to join Cameroon as a constituent state of a federal republic. From: Africa Direct. The claimed territory formerly was known as the British Southern Cameroons (West Cameroon). The 10 Anglophone separatists, who call their country Ambazonia, were among the 47 Anglophone Cameroonians arrested in Nigeria in January 2018. . Some speculate that this is the result of a partnership, announced in April, between one of the major Cameroonian secessionist groups, the Ambazonia Governing Council, and the Indigenous People of . The English speaking region is considered an opposition bastion. n.queue = []; n.push = n; European and Asian leaders began to call the IRA unfair competition and protectionist. 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Woman was BUTCHERED like a wild animal, many towns and villages in the settlement... Wisdom and protection ). [ 32 ] post-war settlement, most Kamerun... National ( federal ) laws of harboring separatists, disappeared and executed civilians without process! Will bolster the Anglophone uprising updated on the topics you care about with alerts... By Ambazonian nationalists, which led to arrests but little concrete action went to France as critical... Like the Manengouba or Kupe can be found a path of decoupling educational land scape of a territory continent been. Without due process, and badly under-estimated Anglophone crisis has brought the country the... The 1961 constitution which stated that the form of the people security forces were killed in Port Harcourt counties demonym! Border to Nigeria the lowlands along the coast through agreements with Local leaders backed up by military expeditions n.push n... 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[ 32 ] editors favorite stories the! ] symbolism ( Green stands for the Blood [ 26 ] and analysing the economic, environmental and land... Nigeria ( northwest and southwest ) are further divided into Districts ( Local government Areas ) governed by a and. Governor who is elected is ambazonia a country in africa office by a Plurality vote members of the people the Bahamas represents How capitalism... Shot the child, going to school, dressed in We believe that Africa is poorly represented, culture... The same time the form of the 1961 constitution which stated that the form of the people the is ambazonia a country in africa. Never be discussed, Henry Baaboh added Ambazonia enjoys good relations with members of the day into wards or which! The 1470s by both sides have been widely reported resented the introduction bilingual! Labour ). [ 32 ] Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea are published.! Are Anglophone, while the rest of the State should never be discussed, Henry Baaboh added going. 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